Lavender - Our Family Genealogy Pages

Discovering our British, French, Polish and German Ancestors

First Name Last Name
Home Search Login or register Your Bookmarks  
Print Bookmark

Izabela Fleming

Female 1746 - 1835  (89 years)Deceased


Generations:      Standard    |    Compact    |    Vertical    |    Text    |    Register    |    Tables    |    PDF

More detail
Generation: 1

  1. 1.  Izabela Fleming was born on 3 Mar 1746 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 17 Jun 1835 in Wysocko, Dolnoslaskie, Poland.

    Izabela married Prince Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski on 19 Nov 1761 in Wolczyn, Opolskie, Poland. Prince (son of August Aleksander Czartoryski and Maria Zofia Sieniawska) was born on 1 Dec 1734 in Gdansk, Pomorskie, Poland; died on 19 Mar 1823 in Sieniawa, Lubuskie, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 2. Maria Anna Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 15 Mar 1768 in Pulawy, Lubelskie, Poland; died on 21 Oct 1854 in Wien, Austria.
    2. 3. Adam Jerzy Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 14 Jan 1770 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 15 Jul 1861 in Montfermeil, Paris, France.
    3. 4. Konstanty Adam Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 28 Oct 1773 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 23 Apr 1860 in Vienna, Wieden, Austria.
    4. 5. Zofia Czartoryska  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 15 Sep 1778 in Warsaw, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 27 Feb 1837 in Florence, Toscana, Italy.
    5. 6. Gabriela Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1780 in Warschau, Palais Wilanów, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen.; died in 1780 in Warschau, Palais Wilanów, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen..


Generation: 2

  1. 2.  Maria Anna Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (1.Izabela1) was born on 15 Mar 1768 in Pulawy, Lubelskie, Poland; died on 21 Oct 1854 in Wien, Austria.

    Maria married Louis Frederick Alexander (Duke of Wurttemberg) on 28 Oct 1784 in Powiat Wolsztynski, Wojewodschaft, Wielkopolskie, Poland. Louis (son of Friedrich II. Eugen XIV. Herzog von Württemberg and Friederike Dorothea Sophia Herzogin von Württemberg Prinzessin von Brandenburg-Schwedt) was born on 30 Aug 1756 in Treptow; died on 20 Sep 1817 in Kirchheim unter Teck. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 7. Adam Karl Wilhelm Stanislas Eugen Paul Ludwig (of Wurttemberg)  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 16 Jan 1792 in Pulawy, Lubelskie, Poland; died on 26 Jul 1847 in Bad Schwalbach (Langenschwalbach), Hesse, Germany .

  2. 3.  Adam Jerzy Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (1.Izabela1) was born on 14 Jan 1770 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 15 Jul 1861 in Montfermeil, Paris, France.

    Adam married Anna Zofia Sapieha-Kodenska on 25 Sep 1817 in Radzyn, Lodzkie, Poland. Anna was born on 17 Oct 1799 in St Germain, Centre, France; died on 24 Dec 1864 in Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 8. Witold Adam Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 6 Jun 1824 in Pulawy, Lubelskie, Poland; died on 14 Nov 1865 in Alger, Algeria.
    2. 9. Prince Wladislaw Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 3 Jul 1828 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 23 Jun 1894 in Boulogne, Île-de-France, France.
    3. 10. Izabella Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 19 Dec 1832 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 18 Mar 1899 in Menton, Alpes-Maritimes, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, France.

  3. 4.  Konstanty Adam Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (1.Izabela1) was born on 28 Oct 1773 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 23 Apr 1860 in Vienna, Wieden, Austria.

    Konstanty married Maria Dzierzanowska on 20 Mar 1810 in Wien, Austria. Maria was born in 1790; died on 28 Nov 1842 in Wien, Austria. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 11. Alexandar roman Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 7 Feb 1811; died on 9 Jul 1886 in Wola Justowska, Malopolskie, Poland.
    2. 12. Maria zuzanna Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 11 Aug 1817 in Wiedeñ, Austria; died on 16 Jun 1847 in Pary¿, Francja.
    3. 13. Maria Susanne Cecilie Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 11 Aug 1817; died in 1868.
    4. 14. Konstanty Maria Adam Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 9 Apr 1822 in Passy, Nièvre, Bourgogne, France; died on 31 Oct 1891 in Wien, Austria.
    5. 15. Zerzy konstanty Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 24 Apr 1828 in Dresden, Sachsen, Germany; died on 23 Dec 1912 in Wien, Austria.

    Konstanty married Aniela Prinzessin von Radziwill on 20. Juli 1802 in Nieborów, Schloss Nieborów, Woiwodschaft Łódź, Polen. Aniela (daughter of Prince Michael Hieronymus Radziwill and Helena Przezdziecka) was born on 03. Oktober 1781 in Nieborów, Schloss Nieborów, Woiwodschaft Łódź, Polen; died on 16. September 1808 in Nieborów, Schloss Nieborów, Woiwodschaft Łódź, Polen. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 16. Eudoxie Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point
    2. 17. Adam Konstanty Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 24 Jun 1804 in Warschau, Wilanów Palast, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen.; died on 19 Dec 1880 in Rokosowo, Schloss Rokosowo, Landgemeinde Poniec, Powiat Gostyńsk, Woiwodschaft Großpolen, Westpommern, Polen..

  4. 5.  Zofia Czartoryska Descendancy chart to this point (1.Izabela1) was born on 15 Sep 1778 in Warsaw, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 27 Feb 1837 in Florence, Toscana, Italy.

    Zofia married Stanislaw Kostka Saryusz Zamoyski on 20 May 1798 in Pulawy, Lubelskie, Poland. Stanislaw was born on 13 Jan 1775 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 2 Apr 1856 in Wien, Austria. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]


  5. 6.  Gabriela Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (1.Izabela1) was born in 1780 in Warschau, Palais Wilanów, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen.; died in 1780 in Warschau, Palais Wilanów, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen..


Generation: 3

  1. 7.  Adam Karl Wilhelm Stanislas Eugen Paul Ludwig (of Wurttemberg) Descendancy chart to this point (2.Maria2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 16 Jan 1792 in Pulawy, Lubelskie, Poland; died on 26 Jul 1847 in Bad Schwalbach (Langenschwalbach), Hesse, Germany .

    Family/Spouse: Marie Dorothea Louise Wilhelmina Wurttemberg. Marie was born on 1 Nov 1797 in Karlsruhe, Germany; died on 30 Mar 1855 in Budapest, Romania. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]


  2. 8.  Witold Adam Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (3.Adam2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 6 Jun 1824 in Pulawy, Lubelskie, Poland; died on 14 Nov 1865 in Alger, Algeria.

  3. 9.  Prince Wladislaw Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (3.Adam2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 3 Jul 1828 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 23 Jun 1894 in Boulogne, Île-de-France, France.

    Family/Spouse: Marguerite Adelaide Marie,Princesse d'Orleans d'Orleans. Marguerite was born on 16 Feb 1846 in Tuileries Palace, Ile-de-France, Kingdom of France; died on 25 Oct 1893 in Paris, Ile-de-France, French Republic. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 18. Prince Francisek Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born in Paris, Ile-de-France, France; died on 8 Apr 1893 in Alassio, Savona, Liguria, Italy.
    2. 19. Prince Adam Louis Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 5 Nov 1872 in Paris, France. Austrian Subject; died on 21 June 1937 in Warsaw, Poland.
    3. 20. Prince Witold Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1876 in Paris,France; died in 1911 in Versailles,France.

  4. 10.  Izabella Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (3.Adam2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 19 Dec 1832 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland; died on 18 Mar 1899 in Menton, Alpes-Maritimes, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, France.

    Izabella married Jan Działyński in 1857. Jan died in Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]


  5. 11.  Alexandar roman Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 7 Feb 1811; died on 9 Jul 1886 in Wola Justowska, Malopolskie, Poland.

    Alexandar married Marcellina Ksiezniczka Radziwill on 20 Aug 1840 in Wien, Austria. Marcellina (daughter of Michal Ksiaze Radziwill and Emilie Hrabina Worcell) was born on 18 May 1817 in Vienna, , Wien, Austria; died on 5 June 1894 in Wola Justowska, Klein-Polen. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 21. Marcel Adam Constantijn Michael Felix Prins Czartorysky-Klewan  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 30 May 1841 in Weinhaus, Wenen; died on 25 November 1909 in Lausanne, Vaud, Zwitserl.

  6. 12.  Maria zuzanna Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 11 Aug 1817 in Wiedeñ, Austria; died on 16 Jun 1847 in Pary¿, Francja.

    Maria married Achilles Ferdinand Roche-Pouchin on 22 May 1839 in Nizza. Achilles was born on 07 Dec 1804 in Toulon, Francja; died on 18 Feb 1883 in Florencja, W³ochy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 22. Constantin Roche-Pouchin  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 01 Oct 1844 in Langres, Francja; died on 25 Feb 1870 in Florencja, W³ochy.

  7. 13.  Maria Susanne Cecilie Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 11 Aug 1817; died in 1868.

  8. 14.  Konstanty Maria Adam Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 9 Apr 1822 in Passy, Nièvre, Bourgogne, France; died on 31 Oct 1891 in Wien, Austria.

  9. 15.  Zerzy konstanty Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 24 Apr 1828 in Dresden, Sachsen, Germany; died on 23 Dec 1912 in Wien, Austria.

    Zerzy married Maria Cermak on 2 May 1861 in Wien, Austria. Maria was born on 4 May 1835 in Praha, Central Bohemia, Czech Republic; died on 27 Jun 1916 in Wien, Austria. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 23. Wanda Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 20 Aug 1862; died on 16 May 1920 in L'viv, L'viv, Ukraine.
    2. 24. Witold Leon Karol Adam Jarosław Jerzy Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 10 Feb 1864 in Wien, Austria; died on 6 Sep 1945 in Makow Podhalanski, Malopolskie, Poland.

  10. 16.  Eudoxie Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1)

  11. 17.  Adam Konstanty Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 24 Jun 1804 in Warschau, Wilanów Palast, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen.; died on 19 Dec 1880 in Rokosowo, Schloss Rokosowo, Landgemeinde Poniec, Powiat Gostyńsk, Woiwodschaft Großpolen, Westpommern, Polen..

    Adam married Elżbieta hr. Działyńska z Działynia h. Ogończyk on 16 Feb 1848 in Kórnik, Wielkopolskie, Poland. Elżbieta was born on 16 Aug 1826 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died on 21 Aug 1896 in Rokosowo, Wielkopolskie, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 25. Jan Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1849; died in 1850.
    2. 26. Wanda Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 20 Jun 1851 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died in 1852.
    3. 27. Tomasz Boguslav Zygmunt Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 29 Sep 1853 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died on 24 Dec 1920 in Rokosowo, Wielkopolskie, Poland.
    4. 28. Maria Helena Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 29 Sep 1855 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died in 1936 in Moskva, Moscow City, Russia.
    5. 29. Aleksander Zdzislaw Tytus Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 4 Jan 1858 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died on 25 Jan 1909 in Sielec, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland.

    Adam married Wanda Augusta Wilhelmina RadziwiłłWarschau, Palais Radziwill, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen.. Wanda was born on 29 Jan 1813 in Warschau, Palais Radziwill, Warszawa, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Hauptstadt, Polen.; died on 16 Sep 1845 in Ruhberg Bei Schmiedberg, Schlesien, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 30. Aniela Ludovica Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 12 Mar 1837 in Berlin, Palais Radziwill, Wilhelmstraße 77, Bundeshauptstadt, Regierungssitz, Germany.; died on 26 Sep 1869 in Rokosowo, Schloss Rokosowo, Landgemeinde Poniec, Powiat Gostyńsk, Woiwodschaft Großpolen, Westpommern, Polen..
    2. 31. Adam August Wilhelm Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 23 Nov 1839 in Berlin, Palais Radziwill, Wilhelmstraße 77, Bundeshauptstadt, Regierungssitz, Germany.; died on 19 Feb 1887 in Jablonow, Powiat Zwolenski, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Polen..
    3. 32. Antoni Boguslaw Adam Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 2 Jan 1845 in Berlin, Palais Radziwill, Wilhelmstraße 77, Bundeshauptstadt, Regierungssitz, Germany.; died on 7 Mar 1912 in Posen, Gołuchów, Schloss Gołuchów, Powiat Pleszewski, Provinz Großpolen, Woiwodschaft Großpolen, Polen..


Generation: 4

  1. 18.  Prince Francisek Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (9.Prince3, 3.Adam2, 1.Izabela1) was born in Paris, Ile-de-France, France; died on 8 Apr 1893 in Alassio, Savona, Liguria, Italy.

  2. 19.  Prince Adam Louis Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (9.Prince3, 3.Adam2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 5 Nov 1872 in Paris, France. Austrian Subject; died on 21 June 1937 in Warsaw, Poland.

  3. 20.  Prince Witold Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (9.Prince3, 3.Adam2, 1.Izabela1) was born in 1876 in Paris,France; died in 1911 in Versailles,France.

  4. 21.  Marcel Adam Constantijn Michael Felix Prins Czartorysky-Klewan Descendancy chart to this point (11.Alexandar3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 30 May 1841 in Weinhaus, Wenen; died on 25 November 1909 in Lausanne, Vaud, Zwitserl.

    Marcel married Marie Anne Suzanne de Riquet de Caraman on 31 Jul 1866 in Paris, Île-de-France, France. Marie (daughter of Michel Gabriel Alphonse Ferdinand de Riquet de Caraman and Rosalie Marie Josephine de Riquet de Caraman) was born on 20 Feb 1844 in Paris, Île-de-France, France; died on 6 Aug 1918 in Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 33. Adam Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1868; died in 1868.
    2. 34. Rosalie Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 19 Sep 1871 in Wola Justowska, Malopolskie, Poland; died on 16 Feb 1891 in Kraków, Malopolskie, Poland.

  5. 22.  Constantin Roche-Pouchin Descendancy chart to this point (12.Maria3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 01 Oct 1844 in Langres, Francja; died on 25 Feb 1870 in Florencja, W³ochy.

  6. 23.  Wanda Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (15.Zerzy3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 20 Aug 1862; died on 16 May 1920 in L'viv, L'viv, Ukraine.

  7. 24.  Witold Leon Karol Adam Jarosław Jerzy Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (15.Zerzy3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 10 Feb 1864 in Wien, Austria; died on 6 Sep 1945 in Makow Podhalanski, Malopolskie, Poland.

    Witold married Jadwiga Dzieduszycka on 21 Feb 1889 in L'viv, L'viv, Ukraine. Jadwiga was born on 2 Mar 1867 in L'viv, L'viv, Ukraine; died on 12 Jul 1941 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 35. Maria Anna Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 24 Feb 1890 in Wien, Austria; died on 20 Jun 1981 in Hammersmith, London, England.
    2. 36. Casimierz Jerzy Augustin Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 7 Aug 1892 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 24 May 1936 in Zhuravno, L'viv, Ukraine.
    3. 37. Jerzy Peter Wladyslaw Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 23 Feb 1894 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 2 Aug 1969.
    4. 38. Wladimir Alfons Andrzej Hubert Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 3 Nov 1895 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 2 Oct 1975 in Kraków, Malopolskie, Poland.
    5. 39. Jan Franciszek Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 19 Feb 1897 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 6 Sep 1944 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland.
    6. 40. Roman Hyazinth Maria Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 21 Nov 1898 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 24 Oct 1958 in Puszczykówko, Wielkopolskie, Poland.
    7. 41. Stanislaw Ignacy Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 26 Jan 1902 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 9 Aug 1982 in Kraków, Malopolskie, Poland.
    8. 42. Elzbieta Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 19 Sep 1904; died on 21 Sep 1904.
    9. 43. Adam Michael Jozef Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 16 Jan 1906 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 11 Jun 1998 in Warszawa, Mazowieckie, Poland.
    10. 44. Witold Thadeusz Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 8 Feb 1908 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 17 Jul 1945 in Sankt Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
    11. 45. Peter Michael Adalbert Czartoryski  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 1 Sep 1909 in Pelkinie, Podkarpackie, Poland; died on 17 Dec 1993 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

  8. 25.  Jan Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born in 1849; died in 1850.

  9. 26.  Wanda Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 20 Jun 1851 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died in 1852.

  10. 27.  Tomasz Boguslav Zygmunt Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 29 Sep 1853 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died on 24 Dec 1920 in Rokosowo, Wielkopolskie, Poland.

  11. 28.  Maria Helena Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 29 Sep 1855 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died in 1936 in Moskva, Moscow City, Russia.

  12. 29.  Aleksander Zdzislaw Tytus Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 4 Jan 1858 in Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Poland; died on 25 Jan 1909 in Sielec, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland.

  13. 30.  Aniela Ludovica Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 12 Mar 1837 in Berlin, Palais Radziwill, Wilhelmstraße 77, Bundeshauptstadt, Regierungssitz, Germany.; died on 26 Sep 1869 in Rokosowo, Schloss Rokosowo, Landgemeinde Poniec, Powiat Gostyńsk, Woiwodschaft Großpolen, Westpommern, Polen..

  14. 31.  Adam August Wilhelm Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 23 Nov 1839 in Berlin, Palais Radziwill, Wilhelmstraße 77, Bundeshauptstadt, Regierungssitz, Germany.; died on 19 Feb 1887 in Jablonow, Powiat Zwolenski, Woiwodschaft Masowien, Polen..

  15. 32.  Antoni Boguslaw Adam Czartoryski Descendancy chart to this point (17.Adam3, 4.Konstanty2, 1.Izabela1) was born on 2 Jan 1845 in Berlin, Palais Radziwill, Wilhelmstraße 77, Bundeshauptstadt, Regierungssitz, Germany.; died on 7 Mar 1912 in Posen, Gołuchów, Schloss Gołuchów, Powiat Pleszewski, Provinz Großpolen, Woiwodschaft Großpolen, Polen..