Friedrich married Antoinette von Sachsen-Altenburg on 22 Apr 1851 in Altenburg, Sachsen, Deutschland. Antoinette (daughter of Eduard Karl Wilhelm Christian von Sachsen-Altenburg and Amalie von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen) was born on 17 Apr 1838 in Bamberg; died on 13 Oct 1908 in Berchtesgaden. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Hereditary Prince Leopold von Anhalt-Dessau was born on 18 July 1855 in Dessau; died on 2 February 1886 in Cannes.
2. Friedrich II Herzog von Anhalt was born on 19 Aug 1856 in Dessau; died on 21 Apr 1918 in Schloss Ballenstedt.
3. Elisabeth von Anhalt-Dessau was born on 7 Sep 1857 in Woerlitz; died on 20 Jul 1933 in Neustrelitz.
4. Eduard Herzog von Anhalt was born on 18 April 1861 in Dessau; died on 13 Sep 1918 in Berchtesgaden.
5. Aribert von Anhalt was born on 18 June 1866 in Woerlitz; died on 24 December 1933 in Muenchen.
6. Alexandra von Anhalt-Dessau was born on 4 Apr 1868 in Dessau; died on 26 Aug 1958 in Schwetzingen.